{"id":12092,"date":"2016-05-01T16:25:27","date_gmt":"2016-05-01T07:25:27","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/unikorea21.com\/?p=12092"},"modified":"2018-08-06T00:27:37","modified_gmt":"2018-08-05T15:27:37","slug":"%ec%99%b8%ec%8b%a0%ec%9d%98-%ec%b0%bd-%eb%af%b8%ea%b5%ad%ec%9d%b4-%ec%a0%9c%ec%9e%ac%eb%a1%9c%eb%b6%80%ed%84%b0-%eb%b0%b0%ec%9a%b4-%ea%b2%83%ea%b3%bc-%eb%b0%b0%ec%9a%b0%ec%a7%80-%eb%aa%bb%ed%95%9c","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/unikorea21.com\/?p=12092","title":{"rendered":"\uc678\uc2e0\uc758 \ucc3d | \ubbf8\uad6d\uc774 \uc81c\uc7ac\ub85c\ubd80\ud130 \ubc30\uc6b4 \uac83\uacfc \ubc30\uc6b0\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud55c \uac83 2016\ub144 5\uc6d4\ud638"},"content":{"rendered":"

\uc678\uc2e0\uc758 \ucc3d | <\/b><The Wall Street Journal>\u00a0 April 14, 2016. By Michael Singh<\/b><\/p>\n

\u00a0 <\/b><\/p>\n

What the U.S. Has and Hasn\u2019t Learned <\/b>From Imposing Sanctions<\/b><\/h2>\n

\ubbf8\uad6d\uc774 \uc81c\uc7ac\ub85c\ubd80\ud130 \ubc30\uc6b4 \uac83\uacfc \ubc30\uc6b0\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud55c \uac83<\/b><\/h2>\n

\u00a0 <\/b><\/p>\n

In a recent speech on economic sanctions, Treasury Secretary Jack Lew called for committing sufficient resources to implementation and also warned of the consequences of overuse, arguing that there are risks \u201cthat sanctions overreach will ultimately drive business activity from the U.S. financial system.\u201d<\/p>\n

\ucd5c\uadfc \uc81c\uc774\ucf65 \ub8e8 \ubbf8 \uc7ac\ubb34\ubd80 \uc7a5\uad00\uc740 \uacbd\uc81c\uc81c\uc7ac\uc5d0 \uad00\ud55c \uc5f0\uc124\uc5d0\uc11c \uc81c\uc7ac \uc774\ud589\uc5d0 \ud544\uc694\ud55c \ucda9\ubd84\ud55c \uc790\uc6d0\uc744 \uc694\uccad\ud558\ub294 \ud55c\ud3b8, \uacfc\ub2e4\ud55c \uc81c\uc7ac\uac00 \uad81\uadf9\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ubbf8 \uae08\uc735\uacc4\uc5d0\uc11c \uacbd\uc601 \ud65c\ub3d9\uc744 \ubab0\uc544\ub0bc \uc704\ud5d8\uc131\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \uacbd\uace0\ud588\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

The biggest problem with sanctions is not their overuse or any of the other risks; it is their track record of relative ineffectiveness. The seminal study by Gary Hufbauer and Kimberly Ann Elliott found that sanctions achieve their goals in about one-third of cases or less. Their research also found that sanctions are less effective when they are ratcheted up incrementally and are not necessarily more effective when the coalition of countries imposing them is larger.<\/p>\n

\uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \uc81c\uc7ac\uc758 \uac00\uc7a5 \ud070 \ubb38\uc81c\uc810\uc740 \uc81c\uc7ac\uc758 \ub0a8\uc6a9 \ud639\uc740 \uc218\ubc18\ub418\ub294 \ub9ac\uc2a4\ud06c\uac00 \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c, \uc81c\uc7ac\uc758 \ud6a8\uc6a9\uc131\uc774 \uc0c1\ub300\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ub0ae\ub2e4\ub294 \ud604\uc7ac\uae4c\uc9c0\uc758 \uc804\uc801\uc774\ub2e4. Gary Hufbauner\uc640 Kimberly Ann Elliott\uc758 \uc5f0\uad6c\uc5d0 \ub530\ub974\uba74, \uc81c\uc7ac\ub97c \ud1b5\ud574 \uc815\ucc45\ubaa9\ud45c\ub97c \ub2ec\uc131\ud560 \uac00\ub2a5\uc131\uc740 1\/3\ub3c4 \ucc44 \ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294\ub2e4. \ub610\ud55c \uc81c\uc7ac \uac15\ud654\uac00 \uc810\uc9c4\uc801\uc77c\uc218\ub85d \uadf8 \ud6a8\uacfc\uac00 \ub0ae\uc73c\uba70, \uc81c\uc7ac\ub97c \uac00\ud558\ub294 \uad6d\uac00\ub4e4\uc758 \uc218\uac00 \ub298\uc5b4\ub09c\ub2e4\uace0 \ud574\uc11c \ubc18\ub4dc\uc2dc \ub354 \ud6a8\uacfc\uc801\uc774\uc9c0\ub3c4 \uc54a\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

This doesn\u2019t mean that sanctions are necessarily ineffective but that the ways in which they are used are critical. The imposition of sanctions garners the most attention, but enforcement is arguably more vital. Enforcement involves more than resources for implementation. More important is political will.<\/p>\n

\uc774\ub294 \uc81c\uc7ac\uc758 \ud6a8\uc6a9\uc131\uc744 \uc804\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ubd80\uc815\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c, \u2018\uc5b4\ub5bb\uac8c \ud65c\uc6a9\ud558\ub290\ub0d0\u2019\uac00 \uad00\uac74\uc784\uc744 \uc2dc\uc0ac\ud55c\ub2e4. \uc81c\uc7ac \uc870\uce58\ub294 \ub9ce\uc740 \uc774\ubaa9\uc744 \ub04c\uc9c0\ub9cc \uc774\ud589\uc774 \uac00\uc7a5 \uc911\uc694\ud558\ub2e4. (\uc81c\uc7ac\uc758) \uc774\ud589\uc740 \uc774\uc5d0 \ud544\uc694\ud55c \uc790\uc6d0 \uadf8 \uc774\uc0c1\uc744 \uc218\ubc18\ud55c\ub2e4. \ubc14\ub85c \uc815\uce58\uc801 \uc758\uc9c0\uc774\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

Most important, sanctions work best as part of a larger strategy rather than a substitute for one. This point is most glaringly illustrated in Syria and Ukraine, where sanctions have not been buttressed by the effective use of other elements of U.S. power to achieve the president\u2019s policy aims. Sanctions work best when paired with robust intelligence, active diplomacy, and, when needed, the threat or use of force.<\/p>\n

\uac00\uc7a5 \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uac83\uc740, \uc81c\uc7ac\uac00 \ud558\ub098\uc758 \ub3c5\uc790\uc801\uc778 \uc804\ub7b5\uc73c\ub85c\uc11c\uac00 \uc544\ub2c8\ub77c \ubcf4\ub2e4 \ud070 \uc804\ub7b5\uc758 \ud55c \ubd80\ubd84\uc73c\ub85c \uad6c\uc0c1\ub418\uc5c8\uc744 \ub54c \uac00\uc7a5 \uc798 \uc791\ub3d9\ud55c\ub2e4\ub294 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \uc774\ub294 \ubbf8\uad6d\uc758 \uc81c\uc7ac\uac00 \ub2e4\ub978 \ud6a8\uacfc\uc801\uc778 \uc694\uc18c\ub4e4\uc5d0 \uc758\ud574 \ub4b7\ubc1b\uce68 \ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc558\ub358 \uc2dc\ub9ac\uc544\uc640 \uc6b0\ud06c\ub77c\uc774\ub098\uc758 \uc0ac\ub840\uc5d0\uc11c \uba85\ud655\ud558\uac8c \ud655\uc778\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4. \ud655\uc2e4\ud55c \uc815\ubcf4\ub825, \uc801\uadf9\uc801\uc778 \uc678\uad50\ub825, \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \ud544\uc694\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \ubb34\ub825 \ud589\uc0ac\ub098 \uadf8 \uc704\ud611\uc774 \uc788\uc744 \ub54c \uc81c\uc7ac\uc758 \ud6a8\uacfc\uac00 \uac00\uc7a5 \uc798 \ub4dc\ub7ec\ub0a0 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

\ubc88\uc5ed \uae40\uac00\ub098 \/ \ud3c9\ud654\ubb38\uc81c\uc5f0\uad6c\uc18c \uc5f0\uad6c\uc6d0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\uc678\uc2e0\uc758 \ucc3d | <The Wall Street Journal>\u00a0 April 14, 2016. By Michael Singh \u00a0 What the U.S. Has and Hasn\u2019t Learned From Imposing Sanctions \ubbf8\uad6d\uc774 \uc81c\uc7ac\ub85c\ubd80\ud130 \ubc30\uc6b4 \uac83\uacfc \ubc30\uc6b0\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud55c<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[39],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-12092","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-39"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/unikorea21.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12092","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/unikorea21.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/unikorea21.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/unikorea21.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/8"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/unikorea21.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=12092"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"http:\/\/unikorea21.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12092\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":17622,"href":"http:\/\/unikorea21.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/12092\/revisions\/17622"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/unikorea21.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=12092"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/unikorea21.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=12092"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/unikorea21.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=12092"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}